最近一些申请了翻译能力测试，但没有通过专家审核的译员们反映到，自己完成了能力测试，感觉翻译的不差，不懂的词都一一查过，句子也是反复斟酌过的，有的甚至还说这是自己做翻译来最认真的一次。然而辛辛苦苦的“佳作”，却被专家们无情的给了个“不通过”。为什么没有通过审核呢？解释如下：

      Elanso的权威评审专家是很严格的，对于每个申请人的测试稿件，都会认真对待，细致剖析，采用量化的扣分方式操作，仔细衡量此时申请人是否具备能力，完成使客户满意、对客户负责的稿件。

      对于未达到标准，未通过审核的测试稿，并不代表对译员的全盘否定。测试评定的只是译员此时的专业翻译的能力和资质，而不是未来。Elanso权威专家对稿件仔细剖析，可以比较准确的衡量译员现有的不足和提升的空间。专家的严格审核，目的决不是阻碍译员在翻译道路上的成长，而是提供指引，使大家明白自己需要努力的方向。这也正是Elanso翻译社区平台的用意所在，希望大家通过更多的自主翻译练习，译员间相互的评论，得到快速的提升，成长为优秀的译员。

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以下为Elanso翻译能力测试评分细则、测试稿样题、及译文参考答案。

  1.) Elanso翻译能力测试评分细则

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2.)   测试+参考答案（翻译没有正确答案和标准答案，以下只作范例供参考。）

                                     Elanso 翻译能力测试题（01）

第一部分：中译英

第(一)题  
[1]  人们在参加保险时需要向保险公司交纳一定的费用，这就是保险费。交纳保险费是投保人最重要的义务，保险公司只有在投保人支付保险费的前提下，才承担保险责任。

【When people apply for insurance, they need to pay the insurance company a certain amount, which is what we call the premium. Payment of the premium is the most important obligation of the insured person, and is the proviso under which the insurance company will assume the responsibilities of the insurer.】

【错例：( ) Insurance premium is the amount of the money that people need to pay to the insurance company when they buy insurance. It is the primary obligation of an insurance applicant to pay the insurance premium which obligates the insurance company to take up the responsibilities of the insured person.】【解说：( ) Insurance premium：premium是可数名词，使用单数形式时前面应有冠词。take up the responsibilities：responsibility的意思，实际上原文的意思只是保险责任，应翻译成assume risk on behalf of。】

[2]  保险财产在保险期限内遭受保险责任范围内的损失时，保险公司会给予经济补偿。人身保险中当被保险人发生死亡，伤残，医疗，年老等事故时，保险公司对受益人或被保险人给付保险金。

【If insured property is lost or damaged during the insured period and within the scope of coverage, the insurance company will provide monetary compensation. In case of life insurance, the company compensates the insured or the designated beneficiary for the death, injury, medical treatment or superannuation of the insured.】

【错例：If the insured property suffers a loss or damage within the insurance coverage during the insurance period, the insurance company will give pecuniary compensation. In case of life insurance, the beneficiary or the insured person will receive insurance indemnities from the insurance company for death, injury, medical treatment or superannuation.】【解说：the insured property suffers a loss or damage：一般说人suffers loss or injury，而财产is lost or damaged，且多用被动语态。give pecuniary: Pecuniary多指个人之间的小规模交易，另外give也不适用于本文的语域，故可改为pay monetary。】

[3]  如果保险金额定得高于保险财产的实际价值，当保险事故发生时，保险公司只按保险财产的实际损失赔偿，而多交的保险费也不予退还。所以，保险金额应尽可能与保险财产的实际价值一致。

【And if the insured amount is higher than the actual value of the insured property, in case of a claim, the company will only compensate in accordance with the actual loss of or damage to the insured property. The additional premium will not be refunded. So, insofar as possible, the insured amount should correspond with the actual value of the insured property.】

【错例：If the insured amount is set more than the actual value of the property, the insurance company can only compensate ( ) the actual loss and will not refund the overpayment. Therefore, the insured amount should be made as accurate as possible to match the actual value of the property.】【解说：compensate ( ) the actual loss：compensate的用法是compensate (sb) for sth。be made as accurate as possible to：更地道的说法是the insured amount should match the actual value as closely as possible。】

第(二)题  
[4]  今后所有大学生上学均须交纳学费。这表明在中国沿用四十多年的由国家出资培养大学生的惯例将成为历史。

【From now on all university students will have to pay tuition.  This spells an end to more than forty years of state-funded university education.】

【错例：From now on all university students are required to pay their tuition fees.  This reform shows that the tradition of more than 40 years that university fees were paid by the government will become a history.】【解说：This reform shows that：“Shows that”不如“This means…”地道。Were：可改为“being”或省略。a history：在这层意义上，history是抽象名词，不可数。惯例：也可译成“practice”，如“the 40-year practice of…”。将成为历史：为照应标题中的“end”，也可译为“spells an end to”，或“has put an end to the more than forty years of state-funded university education”。】

[5]  “公费”变“收费”，这固然是改革之必然，但对三百万大学生和他们的父母来说家庭财力将成为他们面临的一个大问题。培养一名大学生，不再只是让少数农村及城市贫困家庭忧心忡忡，即使是收入颇为殷实的人家，也会感到经济上的压力。

【Reforms made the end of the free ride inevitable, but it will mean tight financial straits for the three million university students and their parents.  Supporting a university student is no longer something to try the mettle of just a small number of rural and urban-poor households.  Even people who are fairly well off will feel the pinch as well. 】

【错例：Although turning “free tertiary education” into “fees-needed” is an inevitable trend of the reform, it causes a big financial headache to 3 million students as well as their parents. The financial support that a university student needs during his school years worries families in rural areas and urban low-income parents.  Even well off families also feel it as financial pressure.】【解说：“fees-needed”：分词用法错，可用fee-needing或fee-based。"公费"变"收费"：为了保持两个中文词的对比意味，应设法在英文中加以弥补。an inevitable trend of the reform：累赘，可改为inevitable with reform。Causes：时态有误，应改为will cause。To：用for更好。His：避免“political incorrectness”，改用“the”。 families in rural areas and urban low-income parents：应使结构平行，可改为rural families and low-income urban parents或Families in rural areas and low-income parents in the cities。well off：中间应有连字符。it as：改成“the”或省略。】

[6]  据教育部人士称：“各高校收费标准在每年一千五百到三千元之间”。当然还必须加上书费和日常开销。据北京先行实行收费的试点高校调查，一名大学生一年的费用在一万元左右。

【“Institutions of higher learning charge from 1,500 to 3,000 yuan a year,” says a source at the Education Ministry, and to this must be added expenses for books and incidentals.  According to a survey at a school in Beijing which instituted tuition payment on a trial basis, a university student’s annual expenses are in the neighbourhood of 10,000 yuan.】

【错例：An official of the Education Ministry said, “The university standard fees vary from 1500 to 3000 [Yuan] a year.” Of course, apart from the university fees, you also need to pay for the books and daily expenses.  According to a survey on universities which have adopted the pilot scheme of charging tuition fees, a university student needs to expend about 10,000 [Yuan] a year.】【解说：An official of the Education Committee said：更顺畅更成熟的表达法是将全部或部分引语提前，然后再指明说话者。据：本段两处使用该字眼，应避免重复使用“according to”。人士“Source”：即“someone”，但未必是“spokesman”，也可能不是什么official。The university standard：应为The standard university fees，关系越紧密的修饰语越靠近中心词。The：此处非确指，因此不用定冠词。On：介词应用of。adopted the pilot scheme of charging：这一说法会造成误解，让人以为整个收费做法是个试行做法，而实际上是这一做法在某些地方试行。needs to expend：简单说spends即可。】

第二部分：英译中

第(一)题  
[1] Costs directly relating to securing an individually identified contract, that would not have been incurred if the contract had not been secured (incremental direct acquisition costs such as premiums paid to dealers for each new contract secured) should be recognized in the net profit or loss using the same recognition pattern as for revenues, if upon inception the contract is expected to result in a profit-making outcome. This expectation should be reviewed at each closing date. If however it is not possible to make a direct link between the costs incurred and an individually identified contract, or the profit-making outcome appears insignificant or uncertain, such costs should be expensed immediately as sales and marketing expenses. All other costs such as the cost of executing the services required by the contract, administration and overhead costs, advertising expenses and the costs incurred in negotiation of a contract not yet awarded, should be recognized as an expense as they arise.
      为取得某一合同直接相关，而不取得该合同将不会产生的成本(新增直接获得成本，如每赢得一个新合同付给经销商的奖金)，应使用与收入同样的确认方式，进入净利润或净损失的计算，如开始时预计该合同将带来盈利。该预期应在每个截止日重新审查。如果，无法将产生的成本与某个合同直接联系起来，或者盈利似乎不明显或不确定，这种成本应立即作为销售与营销费用悬账处理。所有其它成本，如根据合同执行服务、管理和经常开支、广告费以及尚未决断合同的谈判费用，一旦形成，就应确认为费用。】

第(二)题
[2] In the context of this European Standard, accessibility is described as “the characteristic of lifts which enables people (including people with disabilities) to access it and use its features equally and independently.” The aim is not just that people can make use of a lift in the absolute sense but that they can do so as independently as possible, without the help of other persons. The requirements with regards to independence cannot literally include everyone. However, in a general sense they do guarantee that everyone can make use of a lift, although sometimes the help of a personal assistant, companion, porter or passer-by may be necessary. It is not enough that people, including people with a disability, can use a lift independently, but that in their use no distinction is made between various categories of people. Of course equality does not mean that provisions for specific needs of certain people--such as contrasting materials and textures which are essential for impaired vision people--cannot be implemented. The approach makes it possible that--in principle--also persons with disabilities can use a lift on equal terms as anybody else. 
      【在本《欧洲标准》讨论的范围内，使用方便性被描述成“电梯的一种特性，它方便人们（包括残疾人士）平等且独立地乘坐电梯并使用电梯的特点”。 其目标不仅仅是人们可以在真正意义地使用电梯，而且是他们可以在没有别人的帮助下尽可能独立地使用电梯。关于独立性的要求不可能严格地包括每一个人。然而，通常来说这些要求确实保证每一个人都能使用电梯，尽管有时可能需要私人助手、同伴、搬运工、或者是路人的帮助。仅仅是人们，包括残疾人，都能独立地使用电梯还不够，不同的使用者在使用中还应该没有分别。当然，平等并不意味着不能为某些人群的特别需要陪设一些装备——比如对视觉障碍人士至关重要的对比材料和纹理。这种措施使得从理论上说，残疾人士与其他人同等使用电梯成为可能。】 

(二)题