Readers: 9 | Updated: 02-01

[Words_Idioms] 第75讲favorite son sound bite

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在今天的美国习惯用语: 时间里,我们再给大家介绍两个在美国总统选举初期经常用的习惯用语:favorite son。Favorite son从字面上来解释是:受宠的儿子。可是用在选举上,它的意思就变了。决定参加总统竞选的人来自各州,当一个有候选人的州举行初选的时候,本州的候选人就是favorite son。其他竞选者要到那些有favorite son的州去参加初选,那可就麻烦了。因为,一般来说,同一个党的人总是会支持本州的候选人,那怕他们明明知道这个人根本不可能被提名为总统候选人。在2000年美国总统大选时,爱奥华州就发生了类似情况。请看例句:

"Every election year Iowa gets lots of national attention because it is the first state to show which candidates it wants. But this year other presidential hopefuls did not spend much time in Iowa because Senator Harkin from Iowa was a favorite son candidate."

这段话的意思是:“每次大选爱奥华州总是全国注视的中心,因为它总是第一个举行初选,表明他们喜欢哪个候选人。可是,今年其他州的候选人并没有在爱奥华州花很多时间进行竞选活动,因为哈金参议员就是来自爱奥华州的,他就是爱奥华州的宠儿。”意思也就是:别人没有办法和他在那个州竞争。哈金参议员由于在其他州举行的初选中节节败退早已宣布退出竞选。

参加竞选总统的候选人越来越多地利用新闻媒介来宣传他们的观点和攻击竞争对手。下面我们就给大家介绍一个这方面的习惯用语:sound bite。

Sound bite就是插入电视新闻节目当中的一个和选举有关的录像片段。比如,有几个候选人同时在一个州进行竞选,当地的电视播音员就可能做一个节目介绍这几位候选人,其中包括他们的讲话片段。这些片段虽然很短,不会超过十五秒钟,可是候选人却把这种机会看的很重要,因为全国各地的选民都能看到。为了要公平对待每个候选人,给他们同等的时间,新闻节目有时会出现一些问题,就像下面这个例子一样:

"We have a problem in our six o'clock newscast. We have sound bites of four candidates and we better squeeze in all four. Which means we'll have to cut some other story out of the show."

这句话的意思是:“我们六点钟的新闻节目有个问题。我们有四个候选人的片段,最好把四个片段都挤进去。不过,这就意味着我们得减少一些其他内容。”

美国人对于政界人士越来越缺乏信任,对他们在竞选期间所说的话不太相信。有的人说:

"Some of the presidential candidates are more interested in sound bites than sound policies."

这些人说:“有些竞选总统的候选人对自己在电视上演讲的片段比他们对制定好的政策更感兴趣。”这句话里有两个sound这个字,sound bites里的sound是指声音,而sound policies是指好的、有效的政策。

今天我们讲了两个和美国大选有关的习惯用语,它们是:favorite son和sound bite。Favorite son是某一州举行初选时本州的候选人;sound bite是电视上出现的候选人演讲的片段。



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