15 Ways to Solve the Problem of Children Refusing to Eat Added Food

读者: 4878    发布时间: 2008

原文: 15招化解宝宝拒吃辅食

     对宝宝而言,辅食是新鲜的东西,有时宝宝会将食物用舌头往外推,可能是尚不懂得如何把食物吞下去,而食物含在嘴里不吞,可能是宝宝不饿。有时宝宝是因个性较温婉,吃东西较慢,有时宝宝哭着不吃可能是因为身体不舒服或者疲倦想睡,或是宝宝对这个食物有过不愉快的经验,例如曾经被烫伤、被强迫喂食过等。宝宝玩得兴高采烈的时候突然抱他喂固体食物,宝宝也有可能因此不吃。有时宝宝吃完没多久又吐出来,可能是量太多或喂食的速度太快,也可能是刚喂完食物就有剧烈的活动。 

     此外,宝宝渐渐成长,食欲会减低,且开始对周围的事物好奇,常被吸引而无法专心进食,对食物的喜恶也慢慢建立,同时也已经开始产生反抗心。有些父母制作辅食时,食物的变化性太少,或者以大人的口味为主,而忽略了宝宝的口味,宝宝自然不爱吃。有些照顾者喜欢给宝宝吃饼干,但正餐之间零食吃太多也会影响到正餐的食欲。

下面介绍15招化解宝宝拒吃辅食的方法:
1、示范如何咀嚼食物
 当宝宝将食物用舌头往外推,可以示范给宝宝看如何咀嚼食物吞下去。不妨再多试几次,让他有更多的学习机会。
2、勿喂太多或太快
 按宝宝的食量喂食,喂食的速度不要太快,喂完食物后,应让宝宝休息一下,不要有剧烈的运动,也不要马上喂奶。
3、品尝各种新口味
 常常吃同一种食物,会令宝宝倒胃口,饮食有变化才能刺激宝宝的食欲。在宝宝原本喜欢吃的食物中,加入新的材料,分量和种类均由少而多,便可增加食物摄取的种类,找出更多宝宝喜欢吃的食物。宝宝不喜欢的食物或烹调方法,可减少供应量和次数,但应逐渐增加辅食的种类,让宝宝学习接受,养成不挑食的好习惯,而且均衡摄取各类食物才能帮助宝宝的发育及成长。
4、改变烹调法
 宝宝讨厌某种食物,有时不在于他的味道,而是烹调的方法。如长牙之后喜欢有咬和嚼感的食物,会拒吃苹果泥,不妨改成苹果片;色彩鲜艳的食物可促进宝宝的食欲,太冷或太热的食物也会使幼童感觉害怕。此外,口味不宜太浓、避免刺激性食物,食物的切割方式应可轻易让幼儿入口,形状也必须经常变化,提高宝宝进食的兴趣。
5、注意点心的质与量
 点心的份量不可太多,时间不能与正餐太近,以免正餐吃不下。要选择营养价值高的食品当点心,不要吃太甜或油炸等的垃圾食物。
6、重视宝宝的独立性
 出生六个月之后,宝宝渐渐想自己动手吃饭,要鼓励幼儿自行拿汤匙进食,提供他学习的机会,也可以在地下铺报纸以方便收拾残局。宝宝会喜欢抓东西吃,可制作易于用手拿的食物,能满足宝宝的欲望,也能促进食欲。
7、开饭前十分钟先行预告
 当宝宝玩得正高兴时,若突然被打断会引起生气、反抗和拒绝的心理。所以即使只是一岁的幼儿,也应该事先告之他即将要做的事,例如:“再过十分钟就要洗手吃饭了!”
8、准备一套儿童餐具 
 用大杯、碗盛满食物,宝宝会有压迫感而影响食欲;尖锐的叉子及易破的餐具也不宜让幼童使用,以免发生意外。市售的儿童餐具具有可爱的图案、鲜艳的颜色,可以促进宝宝的食欲。有时也可以利用野餐或饭盒的方式供餐。
9、不宜太早训练宝宝餐桌礼仪
 父母亲不宜太急于把宝宝教养成小绅士或小淑女,而对他们提出不合理的礼仪要求,例如:一定要用筷子、喝汤不能滴出来等,会让宝宝很沮丧而影响食欲。
10、 勿在孩子面前品评食物
 宝宝会模仿大人的行为,所以不应在孩子面前挑食及品评食物的好坏,以免养成宝宝偏食的须根。
11、 利用同伴力量鼓励进食
 三餐应与家人在餐桌上一起进餐或让宝宝和邻居小朋友或玩伴一起用餐。改变进食的环境与气氛会提高食欲,或是模仿别的小朋友吃东西,利用同伴之间的力量来鼓励孩子进食。
12、 调整生活作息
 多让宝宝到户外活动可促进食欲,但进餐前后不要做激烈运动,避免影响食欲。
13、保持愉快用餐情绪
 如果偶尔出现在吃饭时间宝宝仍不觉得饿的情况,就别硬要求他吃,因为常逼迫宝宝吃饭,或是吃饭时斥责宝宝,会让他觉得吃饭是一件讨厌的事。
14、 隔一段时间再尝
 如果宝宝对某一项食物感到讨厌,可能只是暂时性不喜欢,可以试着隔一段时间再让他吃吃看。
15、 学会食物代换原则
 如果宝宝真的不喜欢某些食物,就试着找出营养成分相似的替换食物、多些耐心顺其自然,对宝宝而言,辅食是新鲜的东西,目前不接受的食物以后可能会接受,因此妈妈要有耐心多尝试一些,只要宝宝健康、活力良好,且生长情形符合宝宝健康手册上的生长曲线图,即使有时吃的少点也无须担心,只要顺其自然就好了。

译文: 15 Ways to Solve the Problem of Children Refusing to Eat Added Food

For children, added food is a kind of fresh thing. Sometimes children push food outside with tongue, maybe they are ignorant of how to swallow the food. However, if the food kept in mouth is not swallowed, maybe the child is not hungry. Sometimes because a child's personality is so warm that he eats things slowly. That children crying and eating nonthing may be with body comfortlessness or wanting to sleep with tiredness, or children have had some unhappy experience on the food. For example, they have been scalded or forced to fed and so on. When playing in great form, children are fed solid food, because of this, children don't eat things. Sometimes children spit out not long time after eating, maybe the quantity is too much or the feeding speed is too rapid, or they have exguisite movement when they just finishes feeding.

Furthermore, with child growing little by little, his appetite will letdown. And he starts to be curious on things around, is often attracted by them that they can't attend to take food. Their love and hate of food is also establishing slowly, they starts to appear the resisting heart. When some parents make added food, transformation of food is too little, or it is mainly made according to the taste of grwon-ups thus they neglect the taste of child, who will naturely doesn't like to eat them. Some attending persons like to feed the child biscuits, but eating too much sock during dinners will aslo affect the appetite of dinner.

The following introdues 15 ways to solve the problem of a child refusing added food:

1. Demonstrate how to chew food

When children push food outside with his tongue, you can demonstate him to watch how to chew the food to swallow it. You might as well try it for several times more, giving him more learning chance.

2. Don't feed him too much or too fast

Feed according to the appetite of child. The feeding speed shouldn't be too fast. After feeding the child food, you should let him have a rest. Don't make exguisite movement, and don't nurse him at once.

3. Taste all kinds of new flavors

Eating the same food often will spoil the child's appetite. Diversification of diet can stimulate the child appetite. Adding new stuff in food which the child originally like to eat, with weight and species both added from little to much, can increase the species of food ingesting and find out more food that the child like to eat. Food or cooking ways that child dislikes should reduce the supplying quantity and times. However, you should gradually increase the species of added food, making child learn to accept it, and cultivate good habit of unchoosy in food, and balanceably ingest all kinds of food to help the child development and growh.

4. Change cooking ways

Child hating some food sometimes is not because its taste, but it's cooking ways. For example, they like food that has the biting and chawing feelings, dislike apple butter after teeth grows out. You might as well change it into apple pieces. Food that has fresh color can promote appetite of the child. Too cold or hot food also make the child feel afraid. Furthermore, the taste is inadvisable to be too strong and avoid provocative food. Cutting ways of food should be easy for child to enter the mouth. Shapes must change often to improve child's interest.

5. Pay attention to the quality and quantity of nosh

Helt of the nosh cannot be too much, its time cann't be too close to chief meal, avoiding that they can't take in chief meal. You should choose nutritive food as nosh, chidren shouldn't eat junk food that is too sweat or oiled and so on.

6. Think much of the child independency

Six month after his birth, the child gradually wants dinning by himself. You should encourage him to take in food with soup spoon by himself, provide him the studying chance. Also you can spread newspaper on the floor that convenient to tidy the situation after failure. Children like to hold something to eat. You can make food that is easy to hold with hands. It can satisfy the child's desire and also can improve appetite.

7. Fornotice him when ten minutes before serving a meal

While playing happly, if the child is interrupted suddenly, he will appear mind of amination, resist and refusion. Therefore, even if he is a one-year-old chld, you should tell him beforehand what is about to do. Such as, " you should wash hands and have meal ten minutes later."

8. Prepare a set of enfant dishware

Fill dock-glass and bowl with food, children will have pressure and thus affect his appetite. Keen-edged fork and cracky dishware is not suitable for children to use, for fear that suddenness happens. Enfant dishwares sold in the market have lovely pictures and fresh colors, which can improve the child's appetite. Sometimes, provide meals for child using the ways of picnic or lunch box.

9. Inadvisable to train the baby table amenity

Parents shouldn't be so anxious to teach the child as little gentleman or gentlewoman that they put forward some reasonless amenity requirements. For example, must use chopsticks, don't drop the soup out when drinking soup, this will make child so depressed that affects his appetite.

10. Don't size up food before children

Children can imitate actions of the grown-up, so you shouldn't be choosy in food or size up stand or fall of food before children, for fear that children have the root of choosy in food.

11. Make use of accompanier strength to encourage him take food

The child should eat three meals on the table with family or let him have dinner with neighbourhood friends or partners. Changing environment and atmosphere of taking food can improve appetite, or imitate eating things from other friends, using the strength of accompaniers to encourage him to take food.

12. Adjust life work and rest

Making child go outdoors more often can improve appetite, but don't do fury movement before and after meals to avoid affecting appetite.

13. Keep good mood of taking food

If sometimes it appears the situation that child still doesn't feel hungry at meal time, don't force him to eat. Because forcing child to eat meals too often or chiding child when eating will make him fell that eating meals is a disgusting thing.

14. Taste it again after an interval of time

If child is disgusted with certain food, maybe it is temporary dislike. You can let him try tasting it again after an interval of time.

15. Learn rull of food replacement

If a child really dislike some food, try to find out a substitution that has similar nutrient component. Be more patient to take things as they come. For children, added food is a kind of fresh food. Food that is not accepted at present may be accepted later. So mom should be patient to try more. So long as the child is healthy and the energy is good, and growth situations fit with growth graph in child health handbook. Even if they eat little sometimes, there is no need to worry about this, just take things as they come.