《时代》杂志2006年度人物:你和Web2.0

读者: 2427    发布时间: 2007

原文: Time Magazine's Person of the Year: You and Web 2.0

Despite being considered so ten minutes ago in some corners of the the Internet, Time Magazine has selected Web 2.0 -- in particular those people that are directly shaping it -- as its esteemed Person of the Year.  Specifically, Time Magazine has singled out you for recognition in this achievement and as the actual source of the exciting things happening on the Internet and in society today.  Yes, that's you, reading this right now.  At least if you've been contributing to the Web in some way using the increasingly ubiquitious tools and technologies ranging from the basic blog or wiki all the way up to video sharing platforms and social bookmarking sites. 

Time's Person of the Year: You and Web .20But the truth of the matter is that just about any interaction with the Web at all generates new content of use to someone else (the so-called Database of Intentions ) and so that means frankly, if you're currently using the Web today even just to surf, you've become an integral part of this.  "This" being a new generation of openness, sharing, and community powered by the Web that some think may be recognized in hindsight as breaking down important cultural barriers and institutions in a very similar fashion as what happened in the 1960's.  True, it often doesn't seem like a revolution to us that see it growing bit and bit every day, but taken as a whole, there's now little doubt that the Web has become the most powerful, egalatarian, and knowledge rich platform in human history.  Rapid evolution appears to have accelerated into a sort of revolution.

The Person of the Year cover story appears with the tagline that "in 2006, the World Wide Web became a tool for bringing together the small contributions of millions of people and making them matter. The cover story's lead author Lev Grossman then starts off with some fairly inspired prose after noting that there are still serious problems in the word which aregrowing in conjunction with this apparent technological Utopia, writing:

But look at 2006 through a different lens and you'll see another story, one that isn't about conflict or great men. It's a story about community and collaboration on a scale never seen before. It's about the cosmic compendium of knowledge Wikipedia and the million-channel people's network YouTube and the online metropolis MySpace. It's about the many wresting power from the few and helping one another for nothing and how that will not only change the world, but also change the way the world changes.

The cynical among us will find some of Lev's analysis to be starry-eyed and excessively optimistic, but calling out Web 2.0 by name, the Person of the Year cover story makes careful note that the mass participation we're witnessing on a grand scale on the Internet cuts both ways:

Sure, it's a mistake to romanticize all this any more than is strictly necessary. Web 2.0 harnesses the stupidity of crowds as well as its wisdom. Some of the comments on YouTube make you weep for the future of humanity just for the spelling alone, never mind the obscenity and the naked hatred.

But the lead story is just the beginning and Time has prepared an extravaganza of supporting material and documention in the form of fourteen separate stories that range across the Web 2.0 terrain covering subjects from online virtual worlds such as Second Life to an article titled in near purple prose fashion: "The Beast With a Billion Eyes -  On the Web, anyone with a digital camera has the power to change history."

None of this however is likely to please most of us who have lived through the year of Web 2.0, as 2006 undoubtedly was its big break with the term making the covers of major media properties like Newsweek and The Economist .  In terms of the blogosphere, the self-appointed contributors that are making some of this this happen, the commentary on Time's choice covered the spectrum: Jeff Jarvis agreed with most of what they wrote, just requested that they turn down the volume a bit.  Nick Carr took it surprisingly easy on the article, though he's long since posted his opinions of the Web 2.0 phenomenon.  Paul Kedrosky came in as one of harshest critics of the story series and accused it of being a blatent cop-out, what with more important issues existing elsewhere in the world needing to be highlighted. With this altter bit I would suggest that the printing press didn't get much credit at the time but it's impact was practically profound and beneficial when looking back several hundred years.

In reality, the Web as it exists today with sites like MySpace and YouTube which eagerly offer anyone who wants it an essentially permanent, scalable "channel" of their very own on the Internet, makes it possible for anyone with great -- or at least interesting -- ideas to reach the over 1 billion users that presently comprise the Web.  Never before in history has access to the largest audience of users in the world been essentially free other than the personal time it takes to contribute.  The long-term of effects of this will no doubt be as unpredictable as they will be significant as the control over information and content becomes relentlessly decentralized.  The Web is essentially a system without an owner, a platform that is under no one's control, though anyone is free to built a new platform on top of that.  Companies have had varying success in doing just that but the design patterns and business models for making the Web work best are at least beginning to be understood (aka Web 2.0).  But in the end, control is shifting to the edge of the Internet instead of the center and it's not likely to shift direction without extremely potent motivation.

The You Era: Consumer generated Content Swamping and Disrupting Traditional Media (aka Web 2.0)

The aftershocks of all this (the shift of control, pervasive ability of anyone to trigger inflection points, etc) have sometimes been called Social Computing, and it will be long in unfolding.  Companies and organizations that continually hand over more non-essential control to their employees, customers, and suppliers will almost certain be the big winners here.  We have plenty of examples to cite already.  The sudden pervasiveness of the two-way, participatory sites and tools powered by network effects and feedback loops have quickly remade the online landscape and Time has decided it is as big an event at least as it famously did in the 1980s by making the personal computer Person of the Year.  I would wager however, the Web 2.0 is probably a more significant event by a good margin that even the PC was.  Although the precise definition of Web 2.0 continues to evolve, the fundamental effect, the harnessing of collective intelligence is the one that has the genuine potential to fundamentally remake our cultures, societies, businesses and even, as Lev Grossman states, "change the way we change the world.

In any case, as usual, like the term or not, the Web is putting you in charge of just about anything that you can imagine.  I recently spoke to a major fashion industry CEO who said he would expect to have product lines that were designed entirely by user contribution and the best resulting submissions selected by their customers to be that year's product line.  The lesson: The consumers have become the producers.  The same with just about any line of business; turning over non-essential control can result in enormous gains in economic efficiency as tens of thousands or even millions of customers creative output is harnessed in a mutually beneficial way.  Organizations that fail to embrace the Web's natural communication-oriented strengths will fail when put in competition that those that do.  Thus, a fascinating chain of events is forming as people around the world begin to realize the true significance of what the Web 2.0 era can truly offer.  What will you do?

What do you think?  Is Web 2.0 evolution or revolution?  Why?

译文: 《时代》杂志2006年度人物:你和Web2.0

Time's Person of the Year: You and Web .20

  十分钟以前,不知在因特网的哪个角落,《时代》杂志选择了那些使用Web 2.0的人作为其年度人物。这次《时代》杂志将网民选做年度人物,因为他们把握了媒体全球化的脉搏;推动传媒进入公众个体唱主角的时代;无偿工作,而且在专业媒体从业者自己的老本行上打败了他们。是的,就是你,现在就来看看吧。只要你对网络作出过贡献,随便你使用的是什么工具、从最基本的blogwiki,什么技术都可以,无论你是在视频分享网站还是社会化书签站点都没问题。

  但是事实上,任何和网络的互动都会产生新的可供他人使用的内容(这被称作意图的数据库,说的更白一些,就是如果你现在使用网络,哪怕只是用来上网冲浪,你都是其中的主要部分。这种新一代的由网络产生的公开、共享和社区的概念,被一些人事后视为对文化壁垒和制度的冲击,正如20世纪60年代所发生的。是的,它并不像革命,它每天有点增长,但是整体来说,网络已经毋庸置疑是人类历史最有力量、最平等、知识最丰富的平台。快速发展从某个程度上来讲也是在加速革命。

  年度人物封面故事的宣传语是“在2006年,互联网把数以万计的网民的贡献凝聚在一起,放大了不可估量的力量。” 封面故事的主要作者Lev Grossman发现在这技术理想国存在的同时,这个世界上仍然有许多重要的问题在不断产生。有感于此,他写了一些文章,其中写道:

 
  在2006年,你将看到一个激动人心的故事,是有关前所未有的社会共同体和协作。汇集众人智慧的维基百科、拥有数以百万创造者和欣赏者的YouTube、在线个人空间MySpace这些做法不仅仅改变了世界也改变了世界变化的方式。

  有些人认为Lev’s 的分析过于乐观,年度人物封面故事上也有许多参与者的留言:


  当然,没有必要把这一切过分浪漫化。Web2.0在聚合了群体智慧的同时也聚合了群体的愚蠢。看看YouTube上的一些评论,那些拼写错误就够让你为人类的未来哀叹了,更别提那些污秽和赤裸裸的仇恨了。

  但是这个头条只不过是个开始,《时代》准备以14篇关于Web2.0的文章,其范围从在线虚拟世界例如“第二人生”名字带有散文风格的“亿眼之兽-在网上,只要你有数码相机,你就有改变历史的能力”。
 

  然而,这些都不能取悦大多生活在web 2.0时代的我们。除了一件事——2006年毋庸置疑与那些主流媒体(如Newsweek, The Economist)的封面文字做了告别。在blogoshere,那些坚持主见的人对此现象的发生也有一定影响。《时代》选择了一些人的评论:Jeff Jarvis对大部分他们写的东西表示赞同,只是请求他们收敛一点。Nick Carr 看到这篇文章时感到很惊喜虽然他之前就发表过自己对于Web2.0现象的观点。Paul Kedrosky是最苛刻的批评家,他质疑其为厚颜无耻的谎言,因为很多存在于世界各地的重要论点也需要被大家认识到。说完这个,我想说的是,印刷机在当时并没有获得多大的声誉,但是当我们回首过去,它实际上给我们留下的印象是意义深远、好处多多的。

  事实上,类似于MySpaceYouTube这样站点的存在给了那些希望拥有永久的、可升级的、完全属于他们自己的“途径”的人一次机会,网络使任何有伟大的意义,或至少是有点意思的人可以接近网络上的约1亿用户。在历史上,从来没有像现在这样,只需花很少的时间,便可以免费接近世界上最大客户群体的。毋庸置疑地,这种长期效应将变得不可预测,同时又及其重要,因为对于信息和内容的控制被无情的分散化了。没有人可以主宰网络,它是一个没有人可以控制的平台,虽然任何人都可以在它的基础上创建一个新的平台。不同公司创建的平台不径然相同,但是他们为了使其更好工作的设计模式和商务模式正在慢慢的被理解(也称作Web2.0)。但是最终,控制权已经不再重要,如果没有必要的话,应该也不会有改变了。
                    The You Era: Consumer generated Content Swamping and Disrupting Traditional Media (aka Web 2.0)
  这些(控制权的转移等)有时被称为Social Computing,它还要经过长期的发展。公司和组织频繁移交一些不重要的控制权给他们的雇员、用户和供应商。我们有很多例子可以引用。由网络效应推动的分享网站和工具,以及反馈环迅速重造在线情形,《时代》将其视作一个大举措,就像他们在20世纪80年代将个人电脑作为年度人物一样。我个人认为,Web2.0比起PC应该是个更棒的主题。尽管关于Web2.0精确的定义还在研究中,但是集体智慧的运用是重塑我们文化、社会、商业的根本,就像Lev Grossman说的那样“改变行事方式,我们也改变了世界”

  无论如何,就像这个名词本身一样,网络让你掌控所有你能想到的内容。我最近和一个大型时尚公司的CEO对话,他说他希望有一条生产线,内容完全由用户提供,年度生产线也是由用户做主。对此,我们的结论是:消费者已经成为生产者。这和所有商业模式的生产线相同;移交不重要的控制权可能会在经济效率上取得巨大成功,好几万、甚至是上百万客户会有创造性成果,这是双赢的表现。如果这些组织未能包含网络根本的沟通强势,那么在竞争中也会失败。发生一连串的事件,全世界的人们开始认识到Web2.0时代到底带来了什么。你要做什么呢?


  你是如何思考的?Web2.0是渐进的改革还是革命呢?为什么呢?