Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often have difficulty sitting still and concentrating. They feel the urge to move around continually. Everyday items such as a ticking clock, the movement of the rustling leaves, the wind outside, and the dripping of a leaky faucet are enough to distract attention from homework.
Parents can help an ADHD child complete homework without resorting to yelling and threatening punishment. Understanding the thought and behavior pattern differences in their child equips parents to help a young one complete homework in a reasonable timeframe and retain a greater level of knowledge.
Not all ADHD children are alike. Some have minimal hyperactivity symptoms; others may focus well, but have difficulty controlling their moods and physical actions. A different approach treats each type of behavior.
Homework Tips for Kids with Attention Deficit Problems
• Remove Obvious Distractions: Turn off the television and radio, remove siblings from the room and close the blinds before beginning homework.
• Use an Egg Timer: An egg timer provides continuous visual cues to help the child pace progress and stay on task.
• Verbal Cues: If you catch your child daydreaming or fidgeting with school supplies, gently remind them to return to the task of completing their homework.
• Break Down Large Assignments: Large assignments can be overwhelming to a child with attention deficit disorder. Parents should break these large assignments into smaller, manageable chunks. This also helps create an ongoing sense of accomplishment as the child completes each portion.
• Use White Noise: White noise, such as the humming of a fan, helps an ADHD child concentrate.
• Write It Down: ADHD children often forget homework assignments seconds after being told the tasks. Purchase an agenda book or school planner to track homework assignments. Teach your child to use it daily.
• Keep a Schedule: Routine schedules make a big difference in children with ADHD. Setting a time for homework every day allows the child to prepare for the activity. Be sure to select a period when your child's concentration levels are the greatest.
Homework Tips for Kids with Hyperactivity Disorder
• Frequent Breaks: Allow the child to take a break at set intervals during homework time. This relieves the desire to move around, fostering greater concentration.
• Burn off Excess Energy: Allow the child a few minutes of free time, preferable outdoors and prior to the homework session. Transition to homework time by slowly decreasing physical activity until the child is able to sit still to work on assignments.
• Use Index Cards: Write out spelling words, memorization items, or key facts on index cards that the child can flip through while standing or walking around the room.
• Try Standing Up: Use a podium for completing homework instead of a desk and chair. This may allow the child to expend small amounts of physical energy while allowing him to complete homework in a timely manner.
When helping an ADHD child complete homework, be sure to give frequent words of praise for each small accomplishment. Patience, encouragement, and understanding are necessary in dealing with these extraordinary children.
译文:
帮助多动症孩子完成作业的几点技巧
患有注意缺陷障碍伴多动（即多动症）的孩子通常很难安静的坐着，集中精力。他们很想四处乱跑。每天，滴答作响的钟表、沙沙抖动的树叶、外面的风、漏水的龙头都可以分散他们对作业的注意力。
父母可以在不必向其叫喊并威胁要惩罚他们的情况下，帮助有多动症的孩子完成作业。如果父母了解孩子的想法和行为模式，他们就能帮助孩子在合理时间内完成作业，并保证学到更多知识。
不是所有多动症孩子都一样。有些活动症状不明显；其他孩子可能注意力集中，但是不能控制情绪和身体动作。对待每种行为需要不同的方法。
帮助无法集中精神的孩子的完成作业的几点技巧
• 将明显分散注意力的事物转移：在开始写作业之前，关上电视和收音机，让其兄弟姐妹离开这个房间，关上房门。
• 使用煮蛋计时器：煮蛋计时器从视觉上不断给予提示，帮助孩子调整进度并专注于工作。
• 口头暗示：如果你发现孩子在做白日梦，或者对于学校作业表现出心不在焉，那么要温和的提醒他们回神专心完成作业。
• 将量大的作业分成几部分：量大的作业可能会让无法集中精神的孩子受到打击。父母应该将这些量大的作业分成量小、且易处理的几部分。随着孩子完成各个部分，这也帮助他们逐渐产生一种成就感。
• 使用白噪音：白噪音，如电风扇嗡嗡作响，可以帮助多动症的孩子集中注意力。
• 写下来：多动症孩子经常在布置完作业后的几秒钟内，忘记作业内容。买一本日程簿或者学校计划书，把作业内容记下来。教会孩子每天使用。
• 做一个进度表：常规进度表可以让有多动症的孩子有较大改观。每天为家庭作业设定时间，让孩子为此做好准备。一定要选在孩子最能集中精神的时间。
帮助多动症孩子完成作业的几点提示
• 时常休息：在写作业的过程中，让孩子在设定的时间间隔休息一下。这缓解了孩子四处乱跑的欲望，培养他们更加集中精神。
• 用掉过剩的精力：让孩子有几分钟休息时间，可以在写作业之前出去玩一会。慢慢的减少身体活动，转到写作业的时间，直到孩子能够安静的坐着写作业。
• 使用索引卡片：在索引卡片上写出拼写的单词、默记内容、或者关键内容，让孩子在站着或者在房里走来走去的时候可以翻阅。
• 试试站起来：用讲台，而不是桌椅完成作业。这可能让孩子用掉一些身体精力，而让他按时完成作业。
在帮助多动症孩子完成作业的时候，每次他们取得一些小成绩，一定要经常表扬他们。耐心、鼓励、理解是对待这些特殊孩子的必备条件。